Not even a Joseph Conrad could have imagined the mayhem and misery that engulfed the island of Bougainville during its ten-year-long conflict from 1988 to 1998.
With all the current talk about reopening the Bougainville Copper mine at Panguna, this may be a good time to remember how it all started.
In November 1989, one year into the crisis, Pacific Islands Monthly published this article, Bougainville - One Year Later.
May 2010 - Bougainville set to reopen notorious Panguna mine - click here
May 2015 - Long after civil war, the ghost of the Panguna mine lingers - click here
May 2017 - Bougainville government support reopening of controversial copper mine - click here